Course Content
A. Short and Long Vowels
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A.01. Distinguish between short and long vowel sounds in single-syllable words.
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A.02. Use spelling patterns (e.g., CVC, CVCe) to sort words with long and short vowels.
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A.03. Spell words containing the silent “e” pattern for long vowels.
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A.04. Apply various vowel digraphs (e.g., ai, ay, ee, ea) to spell long vowel sounds.
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A.05. Spell words with long vowel sounds, including those with “igh,” “ind,” “ild,” “old,” “ost,” “olt,” “ue,” “oo,” “ew,” and “ui.”
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A.06. Create rhyming words to solve simple riddles or puzzles.
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A.07. Explore how vowel sounds change in different contexts (e.g., stress, dialect).
B. Blends
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B.01. Identify words that begin with a three-letter consonant blend.
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B.02. Complete words by adding three-letter consonant blends.
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B.03. Apply understanding of blends to pronounce and read new words.
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B.04. Recognize the role of consonant blends in word formation.
C. Multisyllabic Words
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C.01. Identify open and closed syllables in multisyllabic words.
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C.02. Spell words with open and closed syllables.
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C.03. Spell words with consonant-l-e syllables.
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C.04. Apply knowledge of syllable division to decode longer words.
D. Diphthongs and R-Controlled Vowels
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D.01. Identify words that use vowel diphthong patterns (e.g., oi, ou).
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D.02. Spell words with vowel diphthong patterns.
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D.03. Identify r-controlled vowels in words.
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D.04. Spell words containing r-controlled vowel patterns.
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D.05. Recognize how r-controlled vowels affect word pronunciation.
E. Irregular Words
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E.01. Recognize and spell common sight words.
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E.02. Spell irregular words that do not follow phonetic rules.
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E.03. Use context to determine the meaning of irregular words.
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E.04. Develop strategies for memorizing irregular words.
F. Main Idea
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F.01. Use key details to determine the main idea of a passage.
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F.02. Determine the main idea of a passage.
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F.03. Summarize the main points of a text in their own words.
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F.04. Identify supporting details that elaborate on the main idea.
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F.05. Analyze how the author develops the main idea throughout a text.
G. Theme
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G.01. Determine the themes of myths, fables, and folktales.
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G.02. Identify the overarching message or lesson conveyed by the text.
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G.03. Analyze how literary elements contribute to the development of themes.
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G.04. Compare and contrast themes across different texts.
H. Author’s Purpose
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H.01. Identify the author’s purpose (e.g., to inform, persuade, entertain).
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H.02. Identify the author’s purpose in mixed media texts (e.g., advertisements, articles).
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H.03. Identify the author’s purpose in passages.
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H.04. Analyze how the author uses language and tone to achieve their purpose.
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H.05. Distinguish between fact and opinion to evaluate an author’s purpose.
I. Text Structure
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I.01. Determine the order of events in informational texts.
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I.02. Compare and contrast information in informational texts.
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I.03. Match causes with effects.
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I.04. Match causes and effects in informational texts.
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I.05. Match problems with their solutions.
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I.06. Identify different text structures (e.g., chronological, compare/contrast, cause/effect, problem/solution, description).
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I.07. Recognize how text structure affects comprehension and retention of information.
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I.08. Create graphic organizers to represent different text structures.
J. Sensory Details
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J.01. Sort sensory details (sight, sound, smell, taste, touch).
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J.02. Identify sensory details in a text.
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J.03. Analyze how sensory details create imagery and engage the reader.
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J.04. Use sensory details in their own writing to enhance descriptions.
K. Literary Devices
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K.01. Determine the meanings of similes.
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K.02. Identify other common literary devices (e.g., metaphors, personification, alliteration, hyperbole).
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K.03. Analyze how literary devices contribute to a text’s meaning and effect.
L. Point of View
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L.01. Distinguish between different points of view (first-person, third-person).
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L.02. Identify the point of view in a text.
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L.03. Analyze how point of view influences a story.
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L.04. Explore the impact of different points of view on readers.
M. Inference
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M.01. Use actions and dialogue to understand characters.
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M.02. Draw inferences from a text.
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M.03. Make predictions about a story based on textual evidence.
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M.04. Support inferences with evidence from the text.
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M.05. Identify implicit information within a text.
N. Story Elements
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N.01. Identify the story elements (characters, setting, plot, conflict, resolution).
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N.02. Analyze the role of each story element in shaping the narrative.
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N.03. Examine the relationships between story elements.
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N.04. Create a story map to organize story elements.
O. Visual Elements
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O.01. Compare and contrast mythological illustrations.
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O.02. Analyze how illustrations enhance understanding of a text.
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O.03. Interpret meaning from visual elements in a text.
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O.04. Evaluate the effectiveness of visual elements.
P. Literary Texts: Level 1
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P.01. Read fantasy with illustrations.
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P.02. Read historical fiction with illustrations.
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P.03. Read science fiction with illustrations.
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P.04. Read realistic fiction with illustrations.
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P.05. Identify the genre of a literary text.
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P.06. Summarize the main events of the selected texts.
Q. Literary Texts: Level 2
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Q.01. Read realistic fiction: set 1.
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Q.02. Read realistic fiction: set 2.
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Q.03. Read poetry.
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Q.04. Analyze character development in literary texts.
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Q.05. Identify the conflict and resolution in literary texts.
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Q.06. Analyze the use of figurative language in poetry.
R. Informational Texts: Level 1
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R.01. Read passages about animals.
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R.02. Read passages about food.
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R.03. Read passages about art, music, and traditions.
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R.04. Read passages about sports and hobbies.
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R.05. Identify the main topic of a short informational text.
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R.06. Determine the purpose of the author in the selected texts.
S. Informational Texts: Level 2
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S.01. Read passages about famous people.
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S.02. Read passages about famous places.
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S.03. Read passages about business and technology.
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S.04. Read passages about science and nature.
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S.05. Identify the key facts and details in the selected texts.
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S.06. Evaluate the accuracy and reliability of information from informational texts.
T. Organizing Writing
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T.01. Put sentences in logical order.
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T.02. Order items from most general to most specific.
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T.03. Organize information by topic.
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T.04. Create an outline for a piece of writing.
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T.05. Create topic sentences for paragraphs.
U. Topic Sentences
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U.01. Choose effective topic sentences for narrative paragraphs.
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U.02. Choose effective topic sentences for expository paragraphs.
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U.03. Write topic sentences that state the main idea of a paragraph.
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U.04. Evaluate the effectiveness of topic sentences.
V. Writer’s Purpose
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V.01. Choose the text that matches a given writer’s purpose.
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V.02. Identify the writer’s purpose and target audience.
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V.03. Adapt writing to match the writer’s purpose.
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V.04. Analyze how word choice, tone, and style reflect the writer’s purpose.
W. Linking Words
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W.01. Identify time-order words (e.g., first, then, next, finally).
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W.02. Use time-order words to create chronological order.
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W.03. Use coordinating conjunctions to combine sentences.
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W.04. Use subordinating conjunctions to create complex sentences.
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W.05. Choose the best transition word or phrase to connect ideas.
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W.06. Understand how transitions improve flow and clarity in writing.
X. Opinion Writing
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X.01. Distinguish facts from opinions.
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X.02. Identify an author’s statement of opinion.
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X.03. Choose reasons to support an opinion.
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X.04. Complete an opinion passage with an example.
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X.05. Complete an opinion passage with a reason.
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X.06. Complete an opinion-reason-example table.
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X.07. Write a basic opinion paragraph, including a clear statement of opinion, reasons, and examples.
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X.08. Evaluate the effectiveness of arguments and evidence in opinion writing.
Y. Descriptive Details
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Y.01. Add descriptive details to sentences to enhance imagery.
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Y.02. Show character emotions and traits through descriptive language.
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Y.03. Revise sentences using stronger verbs.
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Y.04. Use vivid language to create sensory details.
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Y.05. Apply figurative language to descriptive writing.
Z. Prefixes and Suffixes
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Z.01. Identify base words, prefixes, and suffixes within a word.
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Z.02. Determine the meaning of words with the prefixes pre-, re-, and mis-.
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Z.03. Apply the prefixes pre-, re-, and mis- to create new words.
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Z.04. Determine the meaning of words with the suffixes -ful and -less.
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Z.05. Determine the meaning of words with the suffixes -ly and -ness.
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Z.06. Determine the meaning of words with the suffixes -able and -ment.
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Z.07. Determine the meaning of words with various suffixes.
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Z.08. Apply knowledge of prefixes and suffixes to determine the meaning of unknown words.
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Z.09. Explore how prefixes and suffixes change the part of speech of a word.
AA. Greek and Latin Roots
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AA.01. Identify Greek and Latin roots within words.
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AA.02. Determine the meanings of Greek and Latin roots.
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AA.03. Determine the meanings of words with Greek and Latin roots.
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AA.04. Use Greek and Latin roots as clues to decipher the meaning of unfamiliar words.
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AA.05. Explore the origins and history of Greek and Latin roots in English.
BB. Compound Words
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BB.01. Form compound words from two or more words.
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BB.02. Form and use compound words in sentences.
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BB.03. Identify the individual words that form a compound word.
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BB.04. Explore the different types of compound words (e.g., closed, hyphenated, open).
CC. Categories
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CC.01. Select members that belong to a specified group or category.
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CC.02. Select words that do not belong to a given group.
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CC.03. Classify words based on various semantic relationships.
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CC.04. Create categories and classify words within them.
DD. Synonyms and Antonyms
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DD.01. Choose the synonym of a given word.
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DD.02. Identify sentences with similar meanings using synonyms.
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DD.03. Find synonyms in context.
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DD.04. Choose the antonym of a given word.
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DD.05. Identify sentences using antonyms.
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DD.06. Find antonyms in context.
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DD.07. Analyze the nuances of meaning between synonyms and antonyms.
EE. Homophones
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EE.01. Match homophones with pictures.
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EE.02. Identify homophones in sentences.
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EE.03. Use the correct homophone in sentences.
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EE.04. Understand how context clarifies homophone usage.
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EE.05. Create sentences using various sets of homophones.
FF. Multiple-Meaning Words
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FF.01. Match a definition to a multiple-meaning word in a sentence.
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FF.02. Identify sentences that match a given definition of a multiple-meaning word.
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FF.03. Explain how context determines the appropriate meaning of a word.
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FF.04. Analyze how multiple-meaning words can be used creatively.
GG. Shades of Meaning
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GG.01. Describe the differences in meaning between related words (e.g., happy, joyful, ecstatic).
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GG.02. Distinguish between words with positive and negative connotations.
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GG.03. Identify how word choice can change the emotional impact of writing.
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GG.04. Rank related words according to their intensity or degree.
HH. Idioms
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HH.01. Choose the picture that matches the idiomatic expression.
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HH.02. Identify the meaning of common idioms.
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HH.03. Use idiomatic expressions appropriately in writing or speaking.
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HH.04. Explore the cultural context and origins of idioms.
II. Context Clues
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II.01. Determine the meaning of words using synonyms in context.
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II.02. Use context to identify the meaning of an unknown word.
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II.03. Identify different types of context clues (e.g., definition, synonym, antonym).
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II.04. Apply various context clues to decipher the meaning of complex words.
JJ. Reference Skills
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JJ.01. Order words alphabetically based on the first letter.
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JJ.02. Order words alphabetically based on the first two letters.
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JJ.03. Order words alphabetically based on the first three letters.
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JJ.04. Order words alphabetically (challenge).
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JJ.05. Use guide words in a dictionary.
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JJ.06. Use dictionary entries to find word meanings, pronunciations, and parts of speech.
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JJ.07. Use dictionary definitions to understand word meanings.
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JJ.08. Use a thesaurus to find synonyms and antonyms.
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JJ.09. Identify the purpose of different reference materials.
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JJ.10. Use an index to find specific information within a text.
KK. Sentences, Fragments, and Run-ons
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KK.01. Determine whether a sentence is a statement, question, command, or exclamation.
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KK.02. Identify the complete subject and the complete predicate of a sentence.
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KK.03. Identify the simple subject and simple predicate of a sentence.
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KK.04. Identify sentence fragments.
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KK.05. Identify run-on sentences.
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KK.06. Correct sentence fragments and run-ons.
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KK.07. Determine whether a sentence is simple or compound.
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KK.08. Order words to create grammatically correct sentences.
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KK.09. Combine simple sentences into compound sentences using conjunctions.
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KK.10. Analyze complex sentences and identify their components.
LL. Nouns
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LL.01. Identify words that function as nouns.
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LL.02. Identify various types of nouns (e.g., person, place, thing, idea).
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LL.03. Identify common and proper nouns.
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LL.04. Form regular plural nouns using -s, -es, and -ies.
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LL.05. Use regular plural nouns correctly in sentences.
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LL.06. Determine whether a noun is singular or plural.
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LL.07. Form and use irregular plural nouns.
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LL.08. Identify and use possessive nouns (singular and plural).
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LL.09. Identify and correct errors related to plural and possessive nouns.
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LL.10. Distinguish between concrete and abstract nouns.
MM. Pronouns
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MM.01. Identify personal pronouns (e.g., I, me, he, she, it, we, they, you, him, her, us, them).
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MM.02. Choose between subject and object personal pronouns.
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MM.03. Replace a noun with a personal pronoun.
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MM.04. Use correct pronoun forms when combining subjects or objects (e.g., I and me).
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MM.05. Identify possessive pronouns (e.g., mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs).
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MM.06. Use possessive pronouns correctly in sentences.
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MM.07. Choose between personal and reflexive pronouns (e.g., myself, yourself, himself).
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MM.08. Use reflexive pronouns appropriately.
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MM.09. Identify and correct pronoun-antecedent agreement errors.
NN. Verb Types
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NN.01. Use action verbs to describe actions.
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NN.02. Identify action verbs in sentences.
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NN.03. Identify main verbs and helping verbs in sentences.
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NN.04. Distinguish between transitive and intransitive verbs.
OO. Subject-Verb Agreement
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OO.01. Determine whether a subject is singular or plural.
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OO.02. Use the correct verb form to match the subject (subject-verb agreement).
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OO.03. Apply correct pronoun-verb agreement.
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OO.04. Recognize and correct subject-verb agreement errors in compound subjects.
PP. Verb Tense
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PP.01. Identify sentences in the regular past tense.
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PP.02. Identify verbs in the regular past tense.
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PP.03. Form and use the regular past tense of verbs.
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PP.04. Identify the irregular past tense of verbs.
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PP.05. Form and use the irregular past tense of verbs.
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PP.06. Use the correct forms of the verb “to be.”
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PP.07. Use the correct forms of the verb “to have.”
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PP.08. Identify whether a sentence is in the past, present, or future tense.
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PP.09. Change a sentence to future tense.
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PP.10. Recognize and use perfect tenses (e.g., present perfect, past perfect).
QQ. Articles
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QQ.01. Use the correct article: a or an.
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QQ.02. Use the correct article: a, an, or the.
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QQ.03. Identify articles in sentences.
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QQ.04. Understand the general and specific use of articles.
RR. Adjectives and Adverbs
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RR.01. Identify whether an adjective tells “what kind” or “how many.”
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RR.02. Identify adjectives that describe a noun.
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RR.03. Identify adjectives in sentences.
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RR.04. Identify whether an adverb tells “how,” “when,” or “where.”
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RR.05. Identify adverbs in sentences.
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RR.06. Choose between adjectives and adverbs to modify words correctly.
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RR.07. Determine whether a word is an adjective or an adverb based on its function in a sentence.
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RR.08. Use adjectives to compare two or more nouns.
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RR.09. Spell adjectives that compare (e.g., -er, -est).
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RR.10. Use adverbs to compare two or more verbs or adjectives.
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RR.11. Form comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs.
SS. Prepositions
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SS.01. Identify prepositions in sentences (e.g., on, in, at, to, from, with).
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SS.02. Identify prepositions and their objects.
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SS.03. Identify prepositional phrases.
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SS.04. Apply knowledge of prepositions to understand relationships between words in a sentence.
TT. Conjunctions
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TT.01. Identify coordinating conjunctions (e.g., and, but, or, so, for, nor, yet).
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TT.02. Identify subordinating conjunctions (e.g., because, although, if, when, while).
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TT.03. Use coordinating conjunctions to combine sentences.
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TT.04. Use subordinating conjunctions to create complex sentences.
UU. Contractions
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UU.01. Form contractions using pronouns and verbs (e.g., I’m, he’s, they’re).
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UU.02. Form contractions using “not” (e.g., can’t, won’t, isn’t).
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UU.03. Use contractions in writing.
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UU.04. Understand the difference between contractions and their component words.
VV. Commas
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VV.01. Use commas correctly with dates.
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VV.02. Use commas with direct addresses and after introductory words.
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VV.03. Use commas in a series of items.
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VV.04. Use commas to set off nonrestrictive clauses or phrases.
WW. Capitalization
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WW.01. Capitalize the names of people, pets, and titles of respect.
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WW.02. Capitalize days, months, and holidays.
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WW.03. Capitalize the names of places and geographic features.
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WW.04. Capitalize the first word of a sentence and proper nouns.
XX. Formatting
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XX.01. Use proper greetings and closings in letters.
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XX.02. Capitalize titles of works.
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XX.03. Format titles correctly (e.g., underlining, italics).
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XX.04. Format and capitalize titles correctly.
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XX.05. Punctuate dialogue correctly.
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XX.06. Differentiate between formal and informal writing styles.
